What Are The Principles of Building Planning?

Introduction

For the construction of any building, we must have to make plan first. Without planning we cannot doing the work very well. By keeping this in mind, for the planning of building, there are twelve principles.

The planning of building is the first step for the any construction of building. The rules and regulation are provided by the government authorities for the planning of residential building.

Planning of building is difficult task for civil engineer and architect. But with the sufficient knowledge of these principles, civil engineer and architect are made their planning. Engineers obtain their expertise with their experienced.

Ø  Principles Of Building Planning

Following are the principle by which building planning can done,

1.      Aspect

2.      Prospect

3.      Furniture requirement

4.      Roominess

5.      Grouping

6.      Circulation

7.      Sanitation

8.      Elegance

9.      Privacy

10.  Flexibility

11.  Economy

12.  Practical consideration

  

                                 

      1.  Aspect

In the building, it is important the circulation of air as well as require proper sunlight. These requirements are only fulfilled by the proper placement of doors and windows. For the beautiful and classic orientation of building, proper placement of doors and windows require.

These aspects provide building comfort, proper hygiene, the view from outside looks pleasant. The proper placement of room by considering the direction is important when we thing about the aspect.

According to aspect,

ü  The kitchen should be placed an eastern direction, so that we get pure air from atmosphere and make kitchen’s fresh and cool.

ü  Bed room should be placed at south east and south west direction. In the west direction, provide balcony or verandah, which give pleasant look as well as provide comfort to the user.

ü  At north east or south east direction, drawing room or living room provided.

ü  At northern direction, the storeroom should be placed.

             ü   For even distribution of light, study rooms, classrooms, etc. are placed at north direction.

   

 

            2. Prospect

For everyone, it is important that our house or building how appeared from outside. Everyone wants to look our house standard, classic and beautiful. As well as we want outside looked when we’re looking outside of our house give pleasant and comfort look i.e. show beautiful scenario from door and widow. Main thing is that the unwanted scene which is not wants to show can be hiding by proper placement of the window and door. 

           3. Furniture requirement

Furniture is important part of the building. According to room, furniture is differ. During planning the furniture size is considered, then size of room is decided. Proper arrangement of furniture make room comfortable and provide proper circulation. Without overcrowding the required furniture should be placed by proper planning of furniture placement.

             4. Roominess

Roominess is an important principle, these principle tell us about the arrangement of furniture or the space utilization for any purpose in the building how to be done. Also, due to proper roominess, the comfort and ease of using the space in building is increased as well as it makes looked proper and beautiful of inner atmosphere of building. For example, if the room is square size is looking not well than the room with rectangular size with the same area.

  5. Grouping

In the building, numbers of room are constructed, various room has various functions according to their functional requirement, there arrangement should be done. Grouping is the arrangement of room in building with particular and comfort manner. It is n important consideration, while we are thinking about the arrangement of room.

For example,

ü   The kitchen and dining area should be near to each other.

ü  The kitchen room should be away from living room.

ü  Master bedroom should be maintained its privacy from other rooms.

 ü   Children’s room should be near to the parent’s room, etc

       

6. Circulation

Number of room are present in building with access from one room to another, proper access should be made circulation ease and comfortable. Circulation and access from one room to another at same floor is called horizontal circulation for example, corridors, halls, and passages, etc. and the circulation or access from one floor to another is called vertical circulation

      

                                

            

 7.  Sanitation

For every human being health is very important factor. For the good heath, proper sanitary convinces should be providing properly. So the proper ventilation, cleanliness and lighting arrangement should be done with proper manner. For proper ventilation and natural light arrangement and placement of windows and door should be done properly.

8. Elegance

The outside look of building is most important factor of the building, which is showing the standard and class of owner. It proper more good for getting proper  elegance of building, elegance or elevation of building take n mind first, and then adjust plan according to the elegance. Therefore, architect or engineer first visualize about elevation of structure and thinking about other criteria.

           

 9. Privacy

Now days, everyone wants their privacy not only in mobile but also at house, offices and so many places. So during planning of the building we must think about the privacy.  By the arrangement and placement of proper window and mainly doors privacy can very well maintained. Privacy has two types 

                   1.   Internal privacy

                    2.  External privacy

                   1. Internal privacy                                    

                   ü    Internal privacy is about the privacy in the building. I.e. privacy from one room to another.                                  

                        ü   Privacy of bedroom, privacy of bathroom and toilet, etc

                   2. External privacy

                  ü     External privacy is related to the privacy of house from neighbor and sound from road and  such external things which disturbed the privacy of building.

                ü  If the house is near to the highway then it can be trouble the privacy of building. By proper planning of entrance of building it can be maintained.

     10. Flexibility

       Flexibility is an important factor of planning; due to flexibility of room in building one room can be used for multipurpose.  One room with multipurpose is very essential for the middle class people and specially the people who live in flat. So, the factor is considered by the architect and engineer while planning.

       In the same way, we have to think about the future extension of building also, so in future if we shall be worked for the building, it can be done without disturbing the existence structure.

       11.  Economy

   The economy is important factor for the any construction of work. By considering the     economy, we construct economical structure; we can fit our requirement of with limited sources. We by considering these factor we construct the quality structure with low finance. By proper planning of structure and budget we can construct economical structure.

      12.  Practical consideration

    In the planning of any building the first priority is taken to the user. According to the user’s requirement and his needs the planning is done. According to the basic requirement and daily needs, furniture, decorative material, even flooring has been designed.

Practical consideration is most important part of the construction, for example, if we are thinking about the cleanliness of floor we need smooth surface so that cleanliness can be maintained easily, whereas if floor is not smooth the cleanliness cannot maintain well.  Comfort for the user and strength and stability of building should be considered.